강연제목 : Plant response to cesium: a roadmap for radioactive cesium remediation
강연일시 : 2015년 5월 6일 / 오전 10시
강연장소 : 하나과학관 A동 307호
연 사 : 신령 박사 (Center for Sustainable Resourece Science, Riken)
초청교수 : 유상동 교수
Abstract
The accident at the Fukushima nuclear power plant following the March 2011 incident in Japan spread radiocesium around the area. In an effort to remediate the contaminated farmlands, we aim to develop an efficient phytoremediation and phytostabilization strategies using multifaceted approaches. Although cesium has no known nutritional value, plants have ability to absorb and accumulate it to a certain level. It has been reported that cesium is taken up to the plant body through potassium transporters since cesium and potassium share the similar chemical properties. Upon the analysis of overexpressors and mutants of the various potassium transporters in Arabidopsis thaliana, we found candidate transporters which might be responsible for cesium uptake in plants. These candidate genes were also mutated and selected for cesium uptake ability to create the more efficient cesium transporters. However in excess, cesium can retard the plant growth. In order to understand the mechanism of cesium perception in plants, which is largely unknown, phytohormone pathways were investigated and jasmonate pathways were found to contribute to root growth retardation in response to cesium. In parallel, in order to select small compounds which either enhance plant tolerance to cesium due to reduced accumulation of cesium, for the purpose of phytostabilisation, or enhance cesium uptake ability in plants, for the purpose of phytoextraction, chemical library screening was performed. Of 20,000 chemicals tested, approximately 40 chemicals were found to alter response to or accumulation of cesium in plants. One of these chemicals, named CsTolen A, was confirmed to enhance cesium tolerance in plants through reduction of cesium accumulation. Physiological experiments together with theoretical modelling have revealed that CsTolen A specifically binds to cesium and inhibit it from going into plant cells. We also performed the metabolomics analysis to understand the metabolic pathways which are involved in cesium perception in plants. Taken together, a blueprint for the efficient phytoremediation and phytostabilization strategies of radiocesium is discussed.
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